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Must the Presidential Authorities be Reduced?

The Egyptian constitution states that Presidency is the highest position in the state, and for this position, public elections must be done according to law. 174 for the year 2005.
Do you know that for the first time since 1971 the beginning of implementing the first constitution, free and direct elections have been made to choose who holds this position. In this context, there has to be some guarantees and supervision for the activities of this position by the state foundations, parties, political parties, syndicates and all CSOs for a better future for this country and security for the Egyptian people.
Therefore, there is a number of clauses in the Egyptian constitution that must be amended or canceled to follow up the last constitutional amendment related to the presidential elections between more than one candidate, such as:
Clause no. 77 that states “the presidency is 6 years starting from the date of announcing the results of the referendum, and the president can be reelected for other periods”
The presidency period must be for one or two rounds at most, after that the president is not allowed to reelect himself once more.
Clause no. 74 must be canceled because it combines all of the state authorities in the hands of the president alone, it doesn’t separate between authorities. This clause was misused in 1981 on the hands of late President Mohamed Anwar El Sadat who used it in issuing the decisions of curfew and detention against CSOs and political forces in Egypt.
Clause no. 78 that state “the procedures of choosing a new president must start before the end of the ruling period of the existing president with 60 days, and the new president must be chosen before the end of this period with at least one week. If this period has ended before a new president was chosen for any reason, the previous president takes over the presidency duties for another round” This clause must be amended so that the chairman of the people’s council or the head of the supreme constitutional court take over the presidency duties instead of the previous president.
Clause no. 87 that states “the president can assign up to 10 people to be members at the peoples’ council”. This is considered an interference by the president in the legislative authority and a violation to the principle of choosing the members of the people’s council by the people in free elections, and a violation to the principle of separation between authorities.
Clause no. 108 that states “the president –if necessary, in exceptional cases and according to an authorization from the people’s council with a majority of two thirds of its’ members- can issue decisions with the same power as the law. This authorization must be for a limited time period and defines the issues and basis of these decisions, and its’ power will be gone if the people’s council refuses them or the time period has expired”.
This clause must be canceled, as authorizing the president to issue decisions as powerful as the law is a violation to the principle of separation between authorities.
Clause no. 148 that states “the president can declare the atae of emergency according to the law and for a defined time period with the approval of the people’s council” This clause can be used by the president to dissolute all of the state’s authorities, as there must be guarantees and participation by all of the society foundations and authorities in Egypt to declare the sate of emergency that must be limited to certain cases, like war or disaster.

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